Monday 22 August 2016

OBIEE Interview Questions Part - 6



BI LIFE CYCLE:
1. Gather Business Requirements
2. Identify source systems
3. Design ETL to load to a DW if source data doesn’t exist.
4. Build a repository
5. Build dashboard or use answers for reporting.
6. Define security (LDAP or External table…)
7. Based on performance, decide on aggregations and/or caching mechanism.
8. Testing and QA.
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Define REPOSITORY
o Repository stores the Meta data information. BI repository is a file system, extension of the repository file. rpd.
o META DATA REPOSITORY
o In  BI Server, all the rules needed for security, data modeling, aggregate navigation, caching, and
connectivity is stored in metadata repositories.
o Each metadata repository can store multiple business models. BI Server can access multiple repositories
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How do you define the relationship between facts and dimensions in BMM layer?
o Using complex join ,we can define relationship between facts and dimentions in BMM layer.
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what are the things you can do in the BMM layer?
o Aggrigation navigation,level base matrics,time series wizard,create new logical column,comlex join.
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What is time series wizard? When and how do you use it?
 We can do comparison for certain measures ( revenue.,sales etc.. ) for current year vs previous year, we can do for
month or week and day also
o Identify the time periods need to be compared and then period table keys to the previous time period.
o The period table needs to contain a column that will contain Year Ago information.
o The fact tables needs to have year ago totals.
o To use the Time series wizard. After creating your business model right click the business model and click on Time
Series Wizard.
o The Time Series Wizard prompts you to create names for the comparison measures that it adds to the business model.
o The Time Series Wizard prompts you to select the period table used for the comparison measures
o Select the column in the period table that provides the key to the comparison period. This column would be the column containing Year Ago information in the period table.
o Select the measures you want to compare and then Select the calculations you want to generate. For ex: Measure:
Total Dollars and calculations are Change and Percent change.
o Once the Time series wizard is run the output will be:
a) Aliases for the fact tables (in the physical layer)
b) Joins between period table and alias fact tables
c) Comparison measures
d) Logical table sources
o In the General tab of the Logical table source etc you can find Generated by Time Series Wizard in the description
section
o Then you can add these comparision measures to the presentation layer for your reports.
o Ex: Total sales of current qtr vs previous qtr vs same qtr year ago
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1.What will happen if we removed all columns from detail level of the Dimension Hierarchy?
         --   in that scenario the upeer level will act as detail level and it will give warning also.that level has no key to act as uniquely identify members.
       
          --  Then we will not be able to see the detail level data.
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2.     What all measure you have created in your project.
            Level based measures,Share Measure,Dollars.......
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3.     If there is column in database having data type as long then how will you import in RPD.
 We will  be able to import it in RPD but we will not be able to see the data.
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4.     Suppose there is managers group and we want to give the access to data for managers only not for others then how you will achieve this.
         
             We will give the data level secuity to managers.
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5.     If we want to hide Answers link for particular user then how you will do that.

 In Presentation services go to settings –>Manage Priviliges -->Access to  Answers  -->we will not add the particular user to access this privilege.
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6.     What is dimension hierarchy?
A hierarchy is a set of parent-child relationships between attributes within a dimension. These hierarchy attributes, called levels, roll up from child to parent, for example, daily sales could roll up to weekly sales, which further rollup to month to quarter to yearly sales.When one attribute rolls up to another, it implies a one-to-many relationship.
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7.     How will you achieve data level security in RPD and Web cats (UI)?

Data level security can be achieved using session variable in UI or IN RPD using filters from Permission tab.
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8.     Why we create complex join?

Complex Join in used in the Business Model & Mapping Layer (BMM layer) in the repository. Logical tables in a BMM layer can have multiple logical tables sources (LTS). Complex join actually is an intelligent join between LTSs of two logical tables in BMM Layer. When two columns are selected for a query in Answers/Dashboard, BI Server reads the complex join between two logical tables and then intelligently & dynamically selects the LTSs to join.

When Complex joins are used in the business layer then they are really acting as placeholders.
They allow the OBI Server to decide on which are the best joins define in the Physical Layer to satisfy the request.

In a Dimension, you may have multiple Logical Table sources that all join to one fact table.
The OBI Server will then decide the best joins to use to meet the requirements.
The reasoning behind using a foreign key join in the BMM layer is only when you need to specify precisely which physical join should be used and you don't want the BI Server to decide.
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What happens when a Foreign Key Join is defined in BMM Layer?
If a physical join (foreign key join) is used in the BMM layer, then BI Server will always select this physical join to create the SQL even when it is not the most efficient one.
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What happens when a Complex Key Join is defined in Physical Layer?
If you have to join two tables in physical layer and the data type of the columns on which you have to join is not same then what we would complex join
 e.g cast(A.column_name as NUMBER) = B.column_name
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9.    What will happen if we removed all the Logical complex joins?             [NQSERROR:15001]could not load navigation space for subject area.
             Logical table doesnot join to anyother logical table
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10.  Uses of level based measures.
 A level-based measure is a column whose values are always calculated to a specific level of aggregation,is a  measure pinned at a certain level of the dimension. For Example, if you have a measure called “Dollars”,you can create a “Level Based Measure” called “Yearly Dollars” which  is Dollars for a Year. This measure will always return the value for the year even if you drill down to a lower level like quarter, month… etc. To create a level based measure, create a new logical column based on the original measure. Drag and drop the new logical column to the appropriate level in the Dimension hierarchy (in the above example you will drag and drop it to Year in Time Dim
e.g Monthly Total Sales or Quarterly Sales are the examples.
You can compare monthly sales with quarterly sales. You can compare customer orders this quarter to orders this year
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11.  Difference between BI and Siebel analytics?

            In siebel drilling and pivot table is not allowed.
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12.  Which Tool Do you think is more comfortable out of these two?
              BI
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13.  How will you provide a tool tip in OBIEE?
First off, in the Administration tool, open up the properties of a column
Check the "Custom display name" and just leave the default value. Then enter in some text into the Description box...
You can see that the text I put into the Description box matches that in the tool tip from Answers.
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14.  If a user want that on clicking on the chart a drilldown is possible then what is the option you have to select?
In additional charting options one tab is available as INTERACTION we can choose drill option from there.
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15.  Suppose there are three columns in a request and a user want that the first two columns remain static and the last column user can change at run time how you will achieve the task?
             Using column selector
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16.  Is the option of Radio button is available in OBIEE? If yes then how & if no then what is the solution for that?
           The option is not readily available in obiee we can do it using text object by writing script
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17.  Suppose there is a dimension hierarchy in the repository for Periods. If the user want to restrict on the UI how is it possible?
 column format->no interaction
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18.  What is difference between column filter prompt and image filter prompt?
---An image prompt provides an image that users click to select values for an analysis or dashboard.
           For example, in a sales organization,
           users can click their territories from an image of a map
           to see sales information, or click a product image to see
           sales information about that product.
           If you know how to use the HTML <map> tag,
           then you can create an image map definition. For more information about creating an image prompt, see "Creating or Editing an Image Prompt".

Column Filter Prompt is a prompt,it is used provide a general filtering of a column in a request.we can set all choice or constrained choice for a column.it can be combined with other column filter prompt. A column filter prompt provides general filtering of a column in a request. A column filter prompt can present all choices for a column or it can present constrained choices. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19.What do you understand by Guided Navigation link?
       ---It gives us idea to show a particular request according to result of any another request.
                ---There are three types as static,dynamic and conditional                  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20.  What happens when ever we add a new Section to a pivot table?
---It gives detailed information according to column you add in section in a detailed manner.
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21.  How will you set restriction on your data?
                ----To add restriction on your data we can go to-->manage-->security-->permissions-->and then set query limits or we can add dynmaic filtering.
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22.          How will you imply a formula on a column in presentation Services?
Column formula tab
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23.  Can we use the column of two different Subject area in a single request?
 Yes,using combine with similar request.
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24.  Diff ways to improve the performance of your reports?
Alias Tables
Using Aggregate Navigation
Using Cache
Connection Pool
Turning Off Log Level
Using Database Hints
Using Where Clause
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25.  How will you restrict the number of records displaying in your BI Answers?
Manage security-users-permissions-query limits
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26.  How will you restrict the value of one prompt based on another prompt?
          in  Dashboard prompt Using constarint option
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27.  How will you merge two catalog folders?
From catalog manager
Merge Development with production
using EBA Catalog
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28.  One subject area is working fine but other is giving error why?
User will not have permission to access that subject area
 Repository is inconsistent
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29.  How to create iBots in Delivers?
In Answers on the top there is an option-->more products-->Create ibot
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30.  How will you achieve object level security?
Setting permission in manage security
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31.  In which View you can change the column name dynamically?
 Column selector
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32.  How will you connect two fact tables?
in dimensional modelling there is no fact to fact joining
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33.  What are Confirmed Dimension?
           one dimension is joined to more than one fact.
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34.  What are connection pool properties?
Name,call interface,Max connections-.datasource name,enale connection pooling,shared logon
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35.  Which call interface do you use in your repository?
oci 10g,odbc 3.5
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36.  What are the diff variable in obiee?
Repository-static, dyanmic
server-system ,non system
presentation
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37.  What do you mean by Star Schema?
One fact associated with multiple dimensions
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38.  Difference between Star and Snowflake Schema?
    Snowflake schema:In This  Demsion Table Associated With Sub Dimenson Table.
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39.  Which dimension hierarchy you have created in your Report?
Period,customer,product
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40.  What is alias Table and in which Scenario you have used?
    An Alias table (Alias) is a physical table with the type of Alias.
    It is a reference to a Physical table, and inherits all its column
    definitions and some properties from the Physical table.
    Alias Tables can be an important part of designing a physical layer

     OBIEE doesn’t support the self-join, so we can use alias table
     to implement self-join in OBIEE.

                The following is a list of the main reasons to create an alias table:

    * To reuse an existing table more than once in your physical layer (without having to import it several times)
    * To set up multiple alias tables, each with different keys, names, or joins
    * To help you design sophisticated star or snowflake structures in the business model layer.ex
           
       It helps when we have confirm dimension(e.f time dimension) and we want to
       join dimension different way     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
41.          When do you use “Use logical column as a source” and when to use “Use Physical column as a source”?
When we need the aggregation rule to be applied after the calculation the use physical column as source and if we want before the calculation the logical column as  a source
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42.  What is the concept of Bridge table?
 M:m is not allowed in bmm then to solve it we use bridge table in bmm.
In that we craete a new column and in that we add the primary keys of  both the tables in new column and give the join as 1:m
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43.  What is LTS?
 In this we have the mapping of the logical column to physical column.in this we can set the content tab and fragmentation there.
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  44.        What are uses of Content Tab of LTS?
In case of aggregation navigation and fragmentation it tells the oracle bi server which lts to use.in content tab we set the logical level for a dimensional level
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------45.              When to use complex join and when to use physical joins?

What happens when a Foreign Key Join is defined in BMM Layer?

If a physical join (foreign key join) is used in the BMM layer, then BI Server will always select this physical join to create the SQL even when it is not the most efficient one.

What happens when a Complex Key Join is defined in Physical Layer?

If you have to join two tables in physical layer and the data type of the columns on which you have to join is not same then what we would complex join
 e.g cast(A.column_name as NUMBER) = B.column_name
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46.  Do we have multiple star schema in one business model?
          Yes we can have
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47.  What is implicit fact?
if we have to made the report in which we need two dimensions only and no fact ,in that scenario we set one fact column as implicit fact
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48.  If you are using 4 prompts in a report and values of two prompts are entered same then can you have a pop up window which shows an error message? Is it possible, how?
Oracle bi data//app//res//mozzila//js file modify
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49.  What are aggregate tables?
That storec precomputed aggregated data for the specified level.it helps in improving the performance.
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50.What is a dimension hierarchy and how will it help you in BI?
A hierarchy is a set of parent-child relationships between attributes within a dimension. These hierarchy attributes, called levels, roll up from child to parent, for example, daily sales could roll up to weekly sales, which further rollup to month to quarter to yearly sales.When one attribute rolls up to another, it implies a one-to-many relationship.
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51.          What are services which are required while OBIEE is being executed?
                -Oracle BI Java Host if we want any java components are there
                -Oracle BI Presentation Services
                -Oracle BI Server
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52.          How will you assign permissions to users?
-Go Manage--->Security--->
-Click on users--->Dialog box gets open--->
-click on permissions and add permissions you want
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53.          How will you add 500 or 1000 users in your OBIEE?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      54.        How will you assign permissions to all the 1000 users?
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55.          How will you connect your data source to your repository?
Through connection pool.
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56.          How many folders get created when you install OBIEE?
                OracleBI,OracleBIData
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57.          From where can we set our log levels for the Users?
Go Manage--->Security--->
-Click on users--->Dialog box gets open--->
-click on scroll down log level you want to set for a particular user.
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58.We have run a query and now we need to modify the same but it has not appeared in our logs why?
-log level set to zero.
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59.What are permissions and privileges in OBIEE?
Permissions allow repository users to perform tasks within a folder.With folder permissions, you can control user access to the folder and the tasks you permit them to perform. Folder permissions work closely with repository privileges. Privileges grant access to specific tasks, while permissions grant access to specific folders with read, write, and execute access. However, any user with the Super User privilege can perform all tasks across all folders in the repository.Folders have the following types of permissions:
·  Read permission. You can view the folder and objects in the folder.
·   Write permission. You can create or edit objects in the folder.
·   Execute permission. You can run or schedule workflows in the folder.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------60.How to move repository from development to production environment?
copy the rpd file rom development to production.
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61.I have development repository server running on one maching having dev repository .
    In production we have another repository server with prod repository.
    I want to move repository objects from dev to prodution.
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61.          How to move dashboard to another location created locally on your machine?
in catalog manager option we will archive the catalog folder and paste it on our machine
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62.     There are  5 dashboards and few pages on each dashboard, data is retrieved for first 4 dashboards very quickly, but lot of time is taken for last dashboard,so how u will analyze the problem?
--- we have to check he report and its log
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63.          Difference between column selector and view selector
Use the Column Selector view to enable users to dynamically change the columns that appear in results. This permits the analysis of data along several dimensions. By changing the facts, users can dynamically alter the content of the results.

Using View selector you user can see View as their requirement,that which view they want to see.
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64.          How to add page in dashboard?
                --In dashboard list there is a sign + sign Click on it 0ne page will get added             automatically to the dashboard.
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65.          Use of Narrative view, Real time Use.
--Show Results as one or more paragraphs of text.
--In narrator view user can add html script so that it can be more user friendly.
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66.     What was the development environment in which you used to work?
single user
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67.    Which variables u have created in your project?
         Session
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68.    Can we merge two repositories?
         yes
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69.    What is project flow of ur latest project?
1. Gather Business Requirements
2. Identify source systems
3. Design ETL to load to a DW if source data doesn’t exist.
4. Build a repository
5. Build dashboard or use answers for reporting.
6. Define security (LDAP or External table…)
7. Based on performance, decide on aggregations and/or caching mechanism.
8. Testing and QA.

         requirement--datamodel--repository creation--reports--again all the steps
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70.          In ur project data came from which system?
           olap
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71.          describe the architecture of BI ?
client<-->presentation server<--Bi server--Data sources
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72.    what is diff bet architecture of OBIEE and siebel analytic web?

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73.    Diff people from diff cities should be able to see same report and they should see data only of their respective region.?
          -- using session variables or using filter tab.
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74.          How to create user group and users?
In repository we have Menu as Mange in toolbar
--Manage-->Security
--There Click on users in left pane
--Then in right pane right click create new user you will get created.
--There Click on group in left pane
--Then in right pane right click create new group you will get created.
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75.What is the use of Time series function?
Time Series Function are used for comparisons
                1)Ago Function--->Calculates aggregated value as of some time period
                                                    shifted from current time.
                                ago(<measure>,<time level>,<number to shift>)

                2)Todate--->Aggregates a measure attribute from the beginning of a specified time period ti the currently displayed time.
                                ToDate(<measure>,<time level>)
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77.    Describe ur roles and responsibilites in project?

         Specific to your project
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79.          What is the use of BINS?
                Bins are used if one wants to see data comparatively for a particular month itself
                For eg. For february month we can create bin as first half and second half  and get compared.
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80.   If the column contains null values and you want to put certain value
      Instead of showing null, how you will do this?
       - we have to write the case statement
       case when country='null' then 'India' end.
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81.How the performance is increased by cache management?
     In cache management instead of firing a query to direct database it get fired
      to cache and retrives result from their.thus query response time decreases.
     And performance increases.
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82     Concept of cache management at presentation services and BI Server.

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83.    How Cache improves the performance?
1) Achieving better performance for query by not going to Database server and satisfying request from cache file on OBIEE server itself.( There are some criteria for cache hit to occur)
2) It saves network resources by not make round trip.
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84.    Why there are different logging levels provided?
what type of information particular user required depending upon that the log levels are provided
Set the logging level based on the amount of logging you want to do. In normal operations, logging is generally disabled (the logging level is set to 0). If you decide to enable logging, choose a logging
o level of 1 or 2. These two levels are designed for use.
Level 0
·         No logging.
Level 1
·         Logs the SQL statement issued from the client application.
·         Logs elapsed times for query compilation, query execution, query cache processing, and back-end database processing.
·         Logs the query status (success, failure, termination, or timeout). Logs the user ID, session ID, and request ID for each query.
Level 2
·         Logs everything logged in Level 1.
·         Additionally, for each query, logs the repository name, business model name, presentation catalog (called Subject Area in Answers) name, SQL for the queries issued against physical databases, queries issued against the cache, number of rows returned from each query against a physical database and from queries issued against the cache, and the number of rows returned to the client application.
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85.    Name some of the reports you have created.
       specific to your project
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86.    You have a request on the dashboard which contains two columns say country and dollars and you want to see dollar related to particular country only, how will u implement this scenario?
         we will make a dashboard prompt of country and by selecting a country from that prompt we will be able to
        the dollars related to that particular country.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------87.  Can we create complex join in physical layer if yes how and when?
yes we can,If you have to join two tables in physical layer and the data type of the columns on which you have to join is not same then what we would complex join
e.g cast(A.column_name as NUMBER) = B.column_name
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88.  How we create drilldown in UI?
In the column formula in the interaction tab select  drill option.
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89. When to use Pivot table View and when to use simple table view.
                --When user want to view data as per rows and columns
                   in different perspectives we use pivot table
                   otherwise simple table view.
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90.          What is briefing book?
                 --If a user wants to view a specific UI request even when he is not connected to a  BI server then he can save a request in a briefing book ,download it and then
                    view it using briefing book reader.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------91.What is Dashboard prompts.
         --Filter object filters all content on dashboard page and can be used to populate variables.
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92.  What is MUD and how did you set up that in your project?
-- Create a shared directory on the network for Multi-user Development (MUD).
-- Open the rpd to use in MUD. From Tools->Options, setup the MUD directory to point to the above directory.
-- Define projects within the rpd to allow multiple users to develop within their subject area or Facts.
-- Save and move the rpd to the shared directory setup in point 1.
-- When users work in the MUD mode, they open the admin tool and start with
-- MUD ->Checkout to checkout the project they need to work on (not use the File open as you would usually do).
-- After completely the development, user checkin the changes back to the network and merge the changes.
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93.          In Which mode you have done the development, online or offline?
                --Offline
                --One can also do it in online mode if there is any work going on that rpd.
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94.          If you want to import 5 tables from SQL server database and 5 Tables from oracle database can we do this?
                --Yes.
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95.          Where Presentation variables are declared and use
                --Presentation variables can only be set using dashboard prompts.
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99 : What are Level based measures.
A level-based measure is a column whose values are always calculated to a specific level of aggregation. For example, a company might want to measure its revenue based on the country, based on the region, and based on the city. You can set up columns to measure CountryRevenue, RegionRevenue, and CityRevenue.
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100. What are Fact & dimension tables and relationship between them.
--A fact table is a table with measures. They must be defined in a logical fact table.Each measure has its own aggregation rule such as SUM, AVG, MIN or MAX.Aggregation rules define the way by which business would like to compare values of a measure.
--Dimension tables contain attributes that describe business entities.
-- For example, the Customers dimension can contain attributes like Region, Subregion, Country, State, Customer.    
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